6. Okt 2022
Lesenswerte Neuerscheinung: „Demokratie als Zumutung“ von Felix Heidenreich
Verfasst von Michael Kolkmann
Der Politikwissenschaftler Felix Heidenreich, beruflich als Koordinator am Internationalen Zentrum für Kultur- und Technikforschung (IZKT) an der Universität Stuttgart tätig, hat kürzlich ein sehr lesenswertes Buch über aktuelle Herausforderungen der Demokratie geschrieben.
Neben akuten Gefährdungen der Demokratie wie etwa aktuell im Ukrainekrieg identifiziert Heidenreich eine Krise (besser: Krisen) der Demokratie, die gewissermaßen von innen kommt (kommen). Naturgemäß greift Heidenreich damit den Untersuchungsgegenstand der politischen Partizipation auf („Wer Demokratie sagt, meint Partizipation“, schrieb der Partizipationsforscher Jan van Deth einmal).
Heidenreich nimmt die Bürgerinnen und Bürger in die Pflicht und formuliert damit nicht weniger als „eine kopernikanische Wende in der Art und Weise, das Verhältnis von Bürgerinnen und Bürgern einerseits und ‚dem Staat‘ oder ‚der Politik‘ zu denken“ (S. 20). Laut Heidenreich werde die Formal vom Anspruch der Demokratie in der Regel so aufgefasst, „dass ‚wir‘ einen Anspruch haben auf Demokratie“. Und er fährt fort: „Und doch ist diese Sichtweise, wenn man sich die Geschichte der Demokratie ansieht, relativ neu. Und relativ einseitig. Denn es gibt auch einen umgekehrten Anspruch: einen Anspruch, den die Demokratie an Bürgerinnen und Bürger stellt. Etwas gestelzt formuliert: Die Demokratie nimmt uns in Anspruch. Sie ist immer auch eine Zumutung“ (S. 20f.).
Das Buch schlägt „versuchshalber einen Perspektivwechsel vor, der die Bemühungen um eine Ausweitung der Partizipation Werder kritisieren noch konterkarieren, aber doch wesentlich ergänzen soll. Könnte die Rede vom Anspruch auf Beteiligung nicht auch anders gelesen werden, als ein Anspruch der Demokratie, ein Anspruch, den nicht die Bürger gegenüber ‚der PolitikÄ formulieren, sondern den die Demokratie an die >Bürger stellt?“ (S. 21).
Nach einer ausführlichen Krisenanalyse wendet sich Heidenreich möglichen Ansätzen zur Belebung der Demokratie zu. In diesem Kontext thematisiert er die Arbeit von Bürgerräten wie die Chancen von direkter Demokratie ganz allgemein, diskutiert eine mögliche Wahlpflicht ebenso wie die Arbeit von Schöffen.
Hintergründe zum Buch einschließlich einer Leseprobe sind hier zu finden.
Bundestagswahl 2021, Innenpolitik, Lektüren, Politikwissenschaft | 101 Kommentare
Schlagworte: Demokratie | Felix Heidenreich | Krise | Lektüren | Zumutung
Über Michael Kolkmann
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